{"id":9326,"date":"2018-04-05T06:57:51","date_gmt":"2018-04-05T04:57:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=9326"},"modified":"2018-04-05T08:37:49","modified_gmt":"2018-04-05T06:37:49","slug":"korupcijas-izpausmes-formas-un-riski-publisko-iepirkumu-proceduras-kas-jazina-godigiem-pretendentiem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=9326","title":{"rendered":"Korupcijas izpausmes formas un riski publisko iepirkumu proced\u016br\u0101s \u2013 kas j\u0101zina god\u012bgiem pretendentiem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Korupcija ir kuku\u013co\u0161ana vai jebkura cita valsts amatpersonas r\u012bc\u012bba, kas v\u0113rsta uz to, lai, izmantojot dienesta st\u0101vokli, savas pilnvaras vai p\u0101rsniedzot t\u0101s, ieg\u016btu nepeln\u012btu labumu sev vai cit\u0101m person\u0101m (Korupcijas nov\u0113r\u0161anas un apkaro\u0161anas likuma 1.panta pirm\u0101 da\u013ca). Savuk\u0101rt Eiropas padomes korupcijas defin\u012bcijas skaidrojum\u0101 ir nor\u0101d\u012bts, ka korupcija ir kuku\u013co\u0161ana vai jebkura cita to personu r\u012bc\u012bba, kam uztic\u0113ta atbild\u012bba valsts vai priv\u0101taj\u0101 sektor\u0101 un kuras p\u0101rk\u0101pj savus pien\u0101kumus, kas izriet no vi\u0146u valsts amatpersonas, priv\u0101ti nodarbin\u0101t\u0101s personas, neatkar\u012bga uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja statusa vai cit\u0101m l\u012bdz\u012bga veida attiec\u012bb\u0101m un kas ir v\u0113rsta uz nepeln\u012btu priek\u0161roc\u012bbu ieg\u016b\u0161anu sev vai citiem. Sam\u0113r\u0101 bie\u017ei izn\u0101k saskarties ar mald\u012bgiem uzskatiem par da\u017e\u0101diem ar korupciju saist\u012btiem jaut\u0101jumiem. <\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #2d5986; font-size: medium;\">Pieci tipisk\u0101kie maldi <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Korupcija (ar\u012b kr\u0101p\u0161ana) ir valsts administr\u0101cijas un ties\u012bbsarg\u0101jo\u0161os instit\u016bciju probl\u0113ma. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Skaidrojums: \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 to, ka korupcijas sekas ietekm\u0113 visu sabiedr\u012bbu kopum\u0101, tai skait\u0101 valsts ekonomisko izaugsmi, korupcija (ar\u012b kr\u0101p\u0161ana) ir visas sabiedr\u012bbas probl\u0113ma. Korupcija ir latents (sl\u0113pts) noziegums, kas apgr\u016btina ties\u012bbsarg\u0101jo\u0161\u0101m iest\u0101d\u0113m sa\u0146emt inform\u0101ciju par konkr\u0113to gad\u012bjumu, t\u0101p\u0113c tikai ar visas sabiedr\u012bbas atbalstu, ar katras jomas p\u0101rst\u0101vju atbalstu ir iesp\u0113jams c\u012bn\u012bties pret korupciju.<br \/>\n <!--more--><br \/>\n<b>Iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s kontroles meh\u0101nismu ievie\u0161ana ir \u013coti d\u0101rga un nedod v\u0113lamo efektu. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Neviens normat\u012bvais akts nenosaka, k\u0101di tie\u0161i pas\u0101kumi vad\u012bt\u0101jam j\u0101veic, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s kontroles meh\u0101nismu. Vad\u012bt\u0101js, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 konkr\u0113t\u0101s instit\u016bcijas specifiku, tai skait\u0101 cilv\u0113ku un finan\u0161u resursus, var izlemt, k\u0101di pas\u0101kumi un cik liel\u0101 apm\u0113r\u0101 veicami. <\/p>\n<p><b>Stingra kontrole izskaud\u012bs jebkuru korupcijas vai kr\u0101p\u0161anas risku. <\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>Kontroles<\/i> sist\u0113mai ir j\u0101pan\u0101k sapr\u0101t\u012bgs l\u012bdzsvars starp  apdraud\u0113juma riskiem un risku samazin\u0101\u0161anas pas\u0101kumu izmaks\u0101m. Tom\u0113r ir j\u0101apzin\u0101s, ka neviena sist\u0113ma nesp\u0113j garant\u0113t absol\u016btu dro\u0161\u012bbu, ka visas k\u013c\u016bmes tiks atkl\u0101tas vai t\u012b\u0161a kr\u0101p\u0161ana (korupcija) nov\u0113rsta. <\/p>\n<p><b>Visi (konkr\u0113t\u0101) uz\u0146\u0113muma darbinieki ir uzticami un loj\u0101li. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ar\u012b tad, ja, darbinieku atlases un nov\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anas proces\u0101 ir pieliktas maksim\u0101las p\u016bles, lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu katra darbinieka godpr\u0101t\u012bbu, vienm\u0113r past\u0101v iesp\u0113ja, ka var rasties k\u0101di apst\u0101k\u013ci, kad darbinieks var \u201ciziet \u0101rpus savas standarta uzved\u012bbas\u201d. <\/p>\n<p><b>Intere\u0161u konflikts attiecas tikai uz valsts amatperson\u0101m. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Intere\u0161u konflikts veidojas situ\u0101cij\u0101, kur\u0101 k\u0101da persona veic darb\u012bbas, kas skar pa\u0161u, radiniekus vai dar\u012bjuma partnerus. Teor\u0113tiski \u0161\u0101d\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101 var non\u0101kt jebkur\u0161 nodarbin\u0101tais. At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba ir taj\u0101 apst\u0101kl\u012b, ka valsts amatperson\u0101m, saska\u0146\u0101 likum\u0101 \u201cPar intere\u0161u konflikta nov\u0113r\u0161anu valsts amatpersonu darb\u012bb\u0101\u201d ir noteikts aizliegums veikt ar amata pien\u0101kumiem saist\u012btas darb\u012bbas intere\u0161u konflikta situ\u0101cij\u0101, nodarbin\u0101tajiem bez valsts amatpersonas statusa j\u0101r\u012bkojas saska\u0146\u0101 ar iest\u0101des iek\u0161\u0113jos normat\u012bvajos aktos noteikto.  <\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #2d5986; font-size: medium;\">Kas ir korupcijas risks? <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Korupcijas risks  ir varb\u016bt\u012bba<\/b>, ka k\u0101ds no darbiniekiem ar nodomu vai bez nodoma r\u012bkosies savu vai citas personas materi\u0101lo intere\u0161u lab\u0101, g\u016bstot sev vai nodro\u0161inot citiem nepien\u0101ko\u0161os labumus un nodarot kait\u0113jumu (mantisk\u0101 izteiksm\u0113 vai sagraujot reput\u0101ciju) instit\u016bcijai. <\/p>\n<p>Attiec\u012bgi vad\u012bt\u0101ja kompetenc\u0113 ir, izv\u0113rt\u0113jot korupcijas risku apjomu un to ietekmi, iev\u0113rojot lietder\u012bbas apsv\u0113rumus, izveidot t\u0101du iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s kontroles sist\u0113mu korupcijas risku nov\u0113r\u0161anai un uzraudz\u012b\u0161anai. Pamatuzdevumi iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s kontroles sist\u0113mai ir jebkuru pie\u013cauto k\u013c\u016bmju savlaic\u012bga nov\u0113r\u0161ana un \u0101tra konstat\u0113\u0161ana, uz\u0146\u0113muma (iest\u0101des) darb\u012bbas atbilst\u012bba ties\u012bbu aktu un vad\u012bbas politikas pras\u012bb\u0101m, k\u0101 ar\u012b instit\u016bcij\u0101 noteiktajai k\u0101rt\u012bbai; aizsardz\u012bba pret mantas un finan\u0161u l\u012bdzek\u013cu zaud\u0113jumiem vai inform\u0101cijas neat\u013cautu izpau\u0161anu, k\u0101 ar\u012b kvalitat\u012bva gr\u0101matved\u012bbas uzskaite un savlaic\u012bgas ticamas finan\u0161u vai vad\u012bbas inform\u0101cijas ieg\u016b\u0161anu. <\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #2d5986; font-size: medium;\">K\u0101p\u0113c publiskie iepirkumi pak\u013cauti korupcijas riskam? <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Korupcijas risku publiskajos iepirkumos nosaka vair\u0101ki apst\u0101k\u013ci. Pirmk\u0101rt, piepras\u012bjums jeb nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba<\/b> p\u0113c prec\u0113m un pakalpojumiem valsts un pa\u0161vald\u012bbu instit\u016bcij\u0101s nemazin\u0101s pat ekonomisk\u0101s kr\u012bzes apst\u0101k\u013cos; otrk\u0101rt, ja ieg\u016bts valsts vai pa\u0161vald\u012bbas pas\u016bt\u012bjums, uz\u0146\u0113mumam noz\u012bm\u0113 <b>garant\u0113tus ien\u0101kumus un nodarbin\u0101t\u012bbu<\/b> uz\u0146\u0113muma darbiniekiem; tre\u0161k\u0101rt, liela apjoma, ilgtermi\u0146a pas\u016bt\u012bjums \u2013 nodro\u0161in\u0101ta <b>uz\u0146\u0113muma ilgtsp\u0113ja<\/b> un stabili ien\u0101kumi; <b>ceturtk\u0101rt, konkurence (konkr\u0113t\u0101 iepirkum\u0101)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p> Ir svar\u012bgi, lai abas puses \u2013 gan pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101js, gan pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js, apzin\u0101tos, ka korupcijas risks past\u0101v, un veiktu visus nepiecie\u0161amos pas\u0101kumus, lai \u0161o risku mazin\u0101tu vai noteikt\u0101s situ\u0101cij\u0101s piln\u012bb\u0101 nov\u0113rstu. Darbs ar korupcijas riskiem ir svar\u012bgs ar\u012b t\u0101p\u0113c, ka risku apzin\u0101\u0161ana un nov\u0113r\u0161ana paildzina uz\u0146\u0113muma \u00abdz\u012bves garumu\u00bb, veido uz\u0146\u0113muma reput\u0101ciju, kas \u012bpa\u0161i svar\u012bgi ir ilgtermi\u0146\u0101, savuk\u0101rt revidentiem ir noteikts pien\u0101kums zi\u0146ot KNAB par gada p\u0101rskatos konstat\u0113tu mantisku vai citu prettiesisku labumu nodo\u0161anu valsts amatperson\u0101m, k\u0101 ar\u012b juridisk\u0101m person\u0101m ir noteikta atbild\u012bba par t\u0101s darbinieka pretlikum\u012bgu r\u012bc\u012bbu. <\/p>\n<p><b>Fizisk\u0101m person\u0101m par kuku\u013cdo\u0161anu valsts amatpersonai ir noteikta krimin\u0101latbild\u012bba, kas paredz gan br\u012bv\u012bbas at\u0146em\u0161anu<\/b> (l\u012bdz 5 gadiem), par kuku\u013co\u0161anu liel\u0101 apm\u0113r\u0101 vai ja to izdar\u012bjusi personu grupa p\u0113c iepriek\u0161\u0113jas vieno\u0161an\u0101s- br\u012bv\u012bbas at\u0146em\u0161anu l\u012bdz 8 gadiem (ar iesp\u0113jamu mantas konfisk\u0101ciju) vai ja  to ir izdar\u012bjusi organiz\u0113ta grupa \u2013 br\u012bv\u012bbas at\u0146em\u0161anu no 2 l\u012bdz 10 gadiem (ar iesp\u0113jamu iesp\u0113jama mantas konfisk\u0101ciju). <\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #2d5986; font-size: medium;\">Juridiskas personas atbild\u012bba <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Juridiskas personas ir priv\u0101to ties\u012bbu juridisk\u0101 persona (t.sk. valsts vai pa\u0161vald\u012bbas kapit\u0101lsabiedr\u012bba), ar\u012b person\u0101lsabiedr\u012bba. 2005.gada gada 5.maij\u0101 Saeima pie\u0146\u0113ma groz\u012bjumus Krimin\u0101llikum\u0101, nosakot, ka turpm\u0101k juridiskai personai var\u0113s piem\u0113rot piespiedu ietekm\u0113\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, ja noziedz\u012bgais nodar\u012bjums ir izdar\u012bts juridisk\u0101s personas interes\u0113s un to ir izdar\u012bjusi fiziska persona, r\u012bkodam\u0101s individu\u0101li vai k\u0101 attiec\u012bg\u0101s juridisk\u0101s personas kole\u0123i\u0101l\u0101s instit\u016bcijas loceklis, balstoties uz ties\u012bb\u0101m p\u0101rst\u0101v\u0113t juridisko personu, darboties t\u0101s uzdevum\u0101 vai pie\u0146emt l\u0113mumus juridisk\u0101s personas v\u0101rd\u0101, vai \u012bstenodama kontroli juridisk\u0101s personas ietvaros, vai b\u016bdama juridisk\u0101s personas dienest\u0101. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka juridiskas personas atbild\u012bba tiks v\u0113rt\u0113ta ar\u012b situ\u0101cij\u0101s, kad k\u0101ds nodarbin\u0101tais bez vad\u012bt\u0101ja zi\u0146as b\u016bs r\u012bkojies pretlikum\u012bgi, piem\u0113ram, dodot kukuli, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu uz\u0146\u0113mumam uzvaru iepirkum\u0101. Papildus var tikt v\u0113rt\u0113ti pas\u0101kumi, ko juridisk\u0101 persona veikusi, lai nov\u0113rstu noziedz\u012bga nodar\u012bjuma izdar\u012b\u0161anu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Korupcija ir kuku\u013co\u0161ana vai jebkura cita valsts amatpersonas r\u012bc\u012bba, kas v\u0113rsta uz to, lai, izmantojot dienesta st\u0101vokli, savas pilnvaras vai p\u0101rsniedzot t\u0101s, ieg\u016btu nepeln\u012btu labumu sev vai cit\u0101m person\u0101m (Korupcijas nov\u0113r\u0161anas un apkaro\u0161anas likuma 1. panta pirm\u0101 da\u013ca). Savuk\u0101rt Eiropas padomes korupcijas defin\u012bcijas skaidrojum\u0101 ir nor\u0101d\u012bts, ka korupcija ir kuku\u013co\u0161ana vai jebkura cita to personu r\u012bc\u012bba, kam uztic\u0113ta atbild\u012bba valsts vai priv\u0101taj\u0101 sektor\u0101 un kuras p\u0101rk\u0101pj savus pien\u0101kumus, kas izriet no vi\u0146u valsts amatpersonas, priv\u0101ti nodarbin\u0101t\u0101s personas, neatkar\u012bga uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja statusa vai cit\u0101m l\u012bdz\u012bga veida attiec\u012bb\u0101m un kas ir v\u0113rsta uz nepeln\u012btu priek\u0161roc\u012bbu ieg\u016b\u0161anu sev vai citiem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9326"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9326"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9326\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9329,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9326\/revisions\/9329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}