{"id":4183,"date":"2014-08-25T14:41:39","date_gmt":"2014-08-25T12:41:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=4183"},"modified":"2014-09-04T11:17:33","modified_gmt":"2014-09-04T09:17:33","slug":"vai-iepirkumu-specialistiem-jazina-ipasuma-tiesibu-kopejas-izmaksas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=4183","title":{"rendered":"Vai iepirkumu speci\u0101listiem j\u0101zina \u012bpa\u0161uma ties\u012bbu kop\u0113j\u0101s izmaksas?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ja Mirtas tante dz\u012bvotu m\u016bsdien\u0101s, vai vi\u0146a priec\u0101tos par \u017eiguli J\u0101\u0146u nakts kr\u0101s\u0101, ko laim\u0113jusi loterij\u0101? Ja neb\u016btu atsauc\u012bg\u0101 kaimi\u0146a J\u0101zepa, vi\u0146ai \u0161\u012b ma\u0161\u012bna, kas l\u0113ti n\u0101kusi,<\/em> rad\u012btu izdevumus, ko vi\u0146a diez vai var\u0113tu at\u013cauties: automa\u0161\u012bnas re\u0123istr\u0101cija, ties\u012bbu ieg\u016b\u0161ana vai \u0161ofera algo\u0161ana, regul\u0101ras tehnisk\u0101s apskates un nodok\u013ci, ma\u0161\u012bnas labo\u0161ana, benz\u012bns. B\u016btu tikai pr\u0101t\u012bgi, ja vi\u0146a ma\u0161\u012bnu ar steigu p\u0101rdotu. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Tie\u0161i t\u0101pat, pl\u0101nojot iepirkumus pa\u0161vald\u012bbu un valsts iest\u0101d\u0113s, svar\u012bgi ir ne tikai apzin\u0101t un r\u0113\u0137in\u0101ties ar produkta cenu ieg\u0101des br\u012bd\u012b, bet \u0146emt v\u0113r\u0101 ar\u012b ieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101 produkta uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas, lieto\u0161anas, uztur\u0113\u0161anas un utiliz\u0113\u0161anas izdevumus. \u0160\u012bs ieg\u0101des un p\u0113cieg\u0101des izmaksas d\u0113v\u0113 par \u012bpa\u0161uma ties\u012bbu kop\u0113j\u0101m izmaks\u0101m (ITKI; angliski \u2013 Total Cost of Ownership<\/em>). T\u0101s apl\u0113\u0161ot, redzams, cik paties\u012bb\u0101 izmaks\u0101s \u0161\u012b produkta ieg\u016b\u0161ana un patur\u0113\u0161ana sav\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161um\u0101.
\n<\/p>\n

Diem\u017e\u0113l m\u0113dz b\u016bt t\u0101, ka ITKI nav \u0146emts v\u0113r\u0101 un iek\u0101rtas tiek izmantotas nepiln\u012bgi. Piem\u0113ram, \u0113k\u0101s, veicot to siltin\u0101\u0161anu un ieb\u016bv\u0113jot ventil\u0101ciju, netiek apl\u0113sti ventil\u0101cijas iek\u0101rtas darbin\u0101\u0161anas un uztur\u0113\u0161anas izdevumi, attiec\u012bgi, pl\u0101nojot bud\u017eetu, \u0161\u0101di izdevumi nav taj\u0101 paredz\u0113ti. Vai, apg\u0101d\u0101jot skolas ar interakt\u012bvaj\u0101m t\u0101fel\u0113m, netiek ier\u0113\u0137in\u0101ta nauda atbalsto\u0161\u0101s programmat\u016bras un metodisko materi\u0101lu ieg\u0101dei, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di tiek krietni mazin\u0101tas \u0161o t\u0101fe\u013cu izmanto\u0161anas iesp\u0113jas. <\/p>\n

A++ ledusskapji: ilgtermi\u0146\u0101 izdev\u012bg\u0101ki, ta\u010du ret\u0101k sastopami<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tabul\u0101 redzams vienk\u0101r\u0161s apr\u0113\u0137ins ledusskapja ieg\u0101dei, ja nepiecie\u0161ams, lai tilpums sald\u0113to produktu uzglab\u0101\u0161anai b\u016btu vismaz 90 l, bet svaigo p\u0101rtikas produktu uzglab\u0101\u0161anai \u2013 200 l, savuk\u0101rt ledusskapja pieg\u0101de \u2013 bezmaksas (izmantoti interneta veikalu dati Latvij\u0101). \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 ledusskapja kalpo\u0161anas laik\u0101 citi uztur\u0113\u0161anas izdevumi nav uzskait\u012bti, lai gan t\u0101di var\u0113tu rasties, piem\u0113ram, ledusskapja apkope (atsald\u0113\u0161ana, t\u012br\u012b\u0161ana) un remonts, turkl\u0101t izmaksas da\u017e\u0101du veidu ledusskapjiem var\u0113tu b\u016bt at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgas (piem\u0113ram, ja ir pretledus sist\u0113ma). <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ledusskapja nr.<\/strong><\/td>\n1<\/strong><\/td>\n2<\/strong><\/td>\n3<\/strong><\/td>\n4<\/strong><\/td>\n5<\/strong><\/td>\n6<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Svaigo p\u0101rtikas produktu uzglab\u0101\u0161anas nodal\u012bjuma tilpums, l<\/td>\n205<\/td>\n255<\/td>\n198<\/td>\n226<\/td>\n226<\/td>\n211<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sald\u0113to produktu uzglab\u0101\u0161anas nodal\u012bjuma tilpums, l<\/td>\n97<\/td>\n113<\/td>\n111<\/td>\n111<\/td>\n113<\/td>\n89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Elektr\u012bbas pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161, kWh gad\u0101<\/td>\n361<\/td>\n303<\/td>\n297<\/td>\n242<\/td>\n231<\/td>\n149<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ledusskapja cena, \u20ac<\/td>\n437<\/td>\n279<\/td>\n379<\/td>\n333<\/td>\n413<\/td>\n608<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Elektr\u012bbas izmaksas 1 gad\u0101 (elektr\u012bbas cena \u2013 0,162 \u20ac\/kWh)<\/td>\n58,5<\/td>\n49,1<\/td>\n48,1<\/td>\n39,2<\/td>\n37,4<\/td>\n24,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Elektr\u012bbas un ieg\u0101des izmaksas, \u20ac<\/td>\n5 gados<\/td>\n729<\/td>\n524<\/td>\n620<\/td>\n529<\/td>\n600<\/td>\n729<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8 gados<\/td>\n905<\/td>\n672<\/td>\n764<\/td>\n647<\/td>\n712<\/td>\n801<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 gados<\/td>\n1021<\/td>\n770<\/td>\n860<\/td>\n725<\/td>\n787<\/td>\n849<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7 gados, ja elektr\u012bbas cena katru gadu pieaugtu par 7%<\/td>\n943<\/td>\n704<\/td>\n795<\/td>\n672<\/td>\n737<\/td>\n817<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Energoefektivit\u0101tes klase<\/td>\nA<\/td>\nA+<\/td>\nA+<\/td>\nA++<\/td>\nA++<\/td>\nA+++<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/br>
\nITKI apr\u0113\u0137ini par\u0101da b\u016btisku at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbu starp l\u012bdz\u012bgu produktu patiesaj\u0101m izmaks\u0101m ilgtermi\u0146\u0101, un tie, kas s\u0101kotn\u0113ji \u0161\u0137ita izdev\u012bg\u0101ki, ilgtermi\u0146\u0101 t\u0101di nav elektr\u012bbas pat\u0113ri\u0146a d\u0113\u013c. Visbie\u017e\u0101k \u0161obr\u012bd sastopami A+ un A++ veida ledusskapji, un ilgtermi\u0146\u0101 izdev\u012bg\u0101ki ir A++. D\u0101rgais A ledusskapis dro\u0161i vien aizkav\u0113jies noliktav\u0101 un k\u013cuvis par reliktu, jo tas b\u016btu visnota\u013c d\u0101rgs un neizdev\u012bgs pirkums. <\/p>\n

Starp\u012bba starp cenu pirkuma veik\u0161anas br\u012bd\u012b un da\u017e\u0101du produktu var b\u016bt visai liela. Piem\u0113ram, datoriem ITKI 5 gadu period\u0101 var pat 4\u20135 reizes p\u0101rsniegt s\u0101kotn\u0113jo cenu (datora un programmat\u016bras s\u0101kotn\u0113jai cenai pieskaitot ener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146u, izdevumus aparat\u016bras un programmat\u016bras jaunin\u0101jumiem, uztur\u0113\u0161anai un tehniskajam atbalstam, k\u0101 ar\u012b person\u0101la m\u0101c\u012bb\u0101m). <\/p>\n

T\u0101p\u0113c, s\u0101kot ITKI apr\u0113\u0137inu pielieto\u0161anu pirkumiem, vispirms ieteicams piev\u0113rsties tiem produktiem, kuriem liela da\u013ca \u012bpa\u0161uma kop\u0113jo izdevumu rodas tie\u0161i p\u0113c produkta s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101s ieg\u0101des, t\u0101 lieto\u0161anas un uztur\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101, piem\u0113ram, datortehnikai un birojtehnikai, transportl\u012bdzek\u013ciem, celtn\u0113m. <\/p>\n

\"detaljas\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ar ko dz\u012bves cikla izmaksas at\u0161\u0137iras no ITKI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Reiz\u0113m ITKI (\u012bpa\u0161uma ties\u012bbu kop\u0113j\u0101s izmaksas) sauc ar\u012b par dz\u012bves cikla izmaks\u0101m (DzCI, life cycle costs<\/em>). Tom\u0113r ITKI gad\u012bjum\u0101 tiek apr\u0113\u0137in\u0101ti tikai \u012bpa\u0161nieka izdevumi \u2013 k\u0101das ir vi\u0146a kop\u0113j\u0101s izmaksas, ieg\u0101d\u0101joties preci un to lietojot.<\/p>\n

DzCI savuk\u0101rt ir paredz\u0113ts, lai apr\u0113\u0137in\u0101tu visus ar k\u0101da produkta ra\u017eo\u0161anu un lieto\u0161anu saist\u012btos izdevumus (tostarp ietekmi uz vidi un cilv\u0113kiem), piem\u0113ram, s\u0101kot ar datora izejvielu ieguvi un beidzot ar nolietot\u0101 produkta p\u0101rstr\u0101di un atkritumu noglab\u0101\u0161anu. Izmaksas, k\u0101das ir produkta \u012bpa\u0161niekam, ne vienm\u0113r sakr\u012bt ar izmaks\u0101m, k\u0101das rodas p\u0101r\u0113jiem produkta dz\u012bves cikla dal\u012bbniekiem, t\u0101pat ar\u012b izmaks\u0101m, ko rada produkta ra\u017eo\u0161anas un lieto\u0161anas izrais\u012btais kait\u0113jums videi un vesel\u012bbai. Tiesa, da\u017eos inform\u0101cijas avotos DzCI lieto k\u0101 ITKI sinon\u012bmu. <\/p>\n

Vair\u0101k j\u0101dom\u0101, kas b\u016bs p\u0113c pirkuma veik\u0161anas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ar\u012b iepirkuma proces\u0101 k\u0101 krit\u0113riju var izmantot nevis produkta cenu, bet gan kop\u0113j\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161uma ties\u012bbu izmaksas. L\u012bdz\u012bgus apr\u0113\u0137inus var veikt, ar\u012b apl\u0113\u0161ot pakalpojuma kop\u0113jos izdevumus. <\/p>\n

Sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar cit\u0101m Eiropas valst\u012bm Latvij\u0101 ITKI vai DzCI iepirkuma proced\u016br\u0101s k\u0101 krit\u0113rijus izmanto reti. Parasti tiek \u0146emtas v\u0113r\u0101 iepirkuma cenas, kas ne\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 ieg\u016bt\u0101s preces vai pakalpojuma t\u0101l\u0101k\u0101s izmaksas iest\u0101des. <\/p>\n

Avoti: <\/strong><\/p>\n