{"id":24596,"date":"2024-11-19T08:50:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T06:50:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=24596"},"modified":"2024-11-19T08:59:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T06:59:32","slug":"investicijas-izaugsmei-cik-pieejams-latvijas-uznemumiem-ir-arejais-finansejums","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=24596","title":{"rendered":"Invest\u012bcijas izaugsmei: cik pieejams Latvijas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem ir \u0101r\u0113jais finans\u0113jums?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Izaugsmei ir nepiecie\u0161amas invest\u012bcijas, un arvien bie\u017e\u0101k tiek run\u0101ts par invest\u012bciju veicin\u0101\u0161anu, lai stimul\u0113tu ekonomisko att\u012bst\u012bbu un konkur\u0113tsp\u0113ju, kas mazin\u0101tu izaugsmes plaisu starp Baltijas valst\u012bm. Uz\u0146\u0113mumi sev nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s invest\u012bcijas var finans\u0113t ar iek\u0161\u0113jiem resursiem, ja t\u0101di ir uzkr\u0101ti, vai piesaist\u012bt \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu -, piem\u0113ram, aiz\u0146\u0113mums no finan\u0161u vai nefinan\u0161u instit\u016bcij\u0101m, kot\u0113t v\u0113rtspap\u012brus bir\u017e\u0101 vai sa\u0146emt publisk\u0101 sektora atbalstu grantu form\u0101. Ne visiem uz\u0146\u0113mumiem izdodas uzkr\u0101t iek\u0161\u0113jos l\u012bdzek\u013cus invest\u012bcij\u0101m un ir nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba piesaist\u012bt \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu, ta\u010du arvien ir aktu\u0101la diskusija par to, cik pieejams ir \u0101r\u0113jais finans\u0113jums Latvijas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem. Latvijas kapit\u0101la tirgus ir mazatt\u012bst\u012bts, un visbie\u017e\u0101k uz\u0146\u0113mumi izv\u0113l\u0101s \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu piesaist\u012bt kred\u012bta veid\u0101 no bank\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir\u017ea ir reti izmantot\u0101 iesp\u0113ja<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ir iesp\u0113ja piesaist\u012bt kapit\u0101lu regul\u0113taj\u0101 tirg\u016b jeb bir\u017e\u0101, ta\u010du Latvij\u0101 \u0161\u012b ir reti izmantota iesp\u0113ja.\u00a0P\u0113c OECD datiem<\/a>\u00a0Latvijas regul\u0113taj\u0101 tirg\u016b kot\u0113to uz\u0146\u0113mumu tirgus kapitaliz\u0101cija veido maz\u0101k nek\u0101 2% no iek\u0161zemes kopprodukta (IKP). Lietuv\u0101 un Igaunij\u0101 \u0161ie r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ji ir nedaudz augst\u0101ki, ta\u010du joproj\u0101m relat\u012bvi zemi, sal\u012bdzinot ar Rietumeiropu. (Akciju tirgus kapitaliz\u0101cija Latvij\u0101 2022. gada beig\u0101s bija 1,6% no IKP, Lietuv\u0101 \u2013 7% no IKP, bet Igaunij\u0101 \u2013 12,6%)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iesp\u0113jkapit\u0101lu Latvij\u0101 izmanto visk\u016btr\u0101k no Baltijas valst\u012bm<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Savuk\u0101rt jaunuz\u0146\u0113mumi parasti piesaista kapit\u0101lu no invest\u012bciju fondiem un p\u0113c Baltijas priv\u0101t\u0101 kapit\u0101la un iesp\u0113jkapit\u0101la 2023. gada zi\u0146ojuma<\/a> Latvij\u0101 no 2018. l\u012bdz 2023. gadam ir piesaist\u012bti 158 miljoni eiro jeb vien 18% no visa kapit\u0101la, ko Baltijas jaunuz\u0146\u0113mumi ir piesaist\u012bju\u0161i \u0161aj\u0101 laika period\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nebanku kred\u012bti ir d\u0101rg\u0101ki<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Uz\u0146\u0113mumiem ir iesp\u0113jas piesaist\u012bt finans\u0113jumu no nebanku kredit\u0113t\u0101jiem, ta\u010du \u0161\u0101da veida finans\u0113jums parasti ir d\u0101rg\u0101ks procentu likmju zi\u0146\u0101. Kaut gan l\u012bzinga komp\u0101nijas statistik\u0101 tiek iek\u013cautas nebanku kred\u012btdev\u0113ju pulk\u0101, t\u0101s visbie\u017e\u0101k ir bankas meitas uz\u0146\u0113mumi, kuri sa\u0146em finans\u0113jumu no m\u0101tes bankas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Latvijas uz\u0146\u0113mumu par\u0101dsaist\u012bbu apjoms krities l\u012bdz l\u012bmenim pirms iest\u0101\u0161anas ES<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113c Latvijas Bankas sniegtajiem statistikas datiem<\/a> uz 2024. gada 3. ceturk\u0161\u0146a beig\u0101m Latvijas bankas bija izsniegu\u0161as rezidentu nefinan\u0161u sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m kred\u012btus mazliet vair\u0101k nek\u0101 piecu miljardu eiro v\u0113rt\u012bb\u0101. Nefinan\u0161u sabiedr\u012bbas ir visi uz\u0146\u0113mumi, kas nenodarbojas ar finan\u0161u starpniec\u012bbu (nav finan\u0161u sektora uz\u0146\u0113mumi vai bankas).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113c “Eurostat” datiem<\/a>\u00a0nefinan\u0161u uz\u0146\u0113mumu kred\u012btsaist\u012bbu apjoms tiek l\u0113sts 35,8% apm\u0113r\u0101 no IKP 2023. gad\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mazie un mikrouz\u0146\u0113mumi \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu piesaista vismaz\u0101k<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Eiropas Invest\u012bciju bankas invest\u012bciju aptauja (EIBIS)<\/a> nor\u0101da, ka 2022.gad\u0101 73% no Latvijas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem pa\u013c\u0101v\u0101s uz uz\u0146\u0113muma iek\u0161\u0113jiem finan\u0161u resursiem, kam\u0113r 26% no uz\u0146\u0113mumiem piesaist\u012bja \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dati ar\u012b liecina, ka lielie un vid\u0113jie uz\u0146\u0113mumi bie\u017e\u0101k (30%) piesaist\u012bja \u0101r\u0113jos finans\u0113jumu nek\u0101 mazie un mikro uz\u0146\u0113mumi (10%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mazie un vid\u0113ji uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ji baid\u0101s no banku atteikuma un bie\u017ei vien to sa\u0146em<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Aptaujas dati liecina, ka Baltijas valst\u012bs ir visliel\u0101kais \u012bpatsvars ar uz\u0146\u0113mumiem Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101, kas nepiesak\u0101s banku kred\u012btam, baidoties no iesp\u0113jam\u0101 bankas atteikuma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023. gad\u0101 Latvij\u0101 un Lietuv\u0101 tie bija 10% no maziem un vid\u0113jiem uz\u0146\u0113mumiem, tikm\u0113r Igaunij\u0101 \u0161is r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js sasniedza 11%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mazie un vid\u0113jie uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ji Latvij\u0101 un Lietuv\u0101, sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar citiem ES valstu uz\u0146\u0113mumiem, visbie\u017e\u0101k sa\u0146em kred\u012bta piepras\u012bjuma noraid\u012bjumu no bank\u0101m \u2013 attiec\u012bgi 16% un 27%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u016btas finansi\u0101li ierobe\u017eoti, bet tikai da\u013ca priec\u012bga par \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Eiropas Invest\u012bciju bankas veikta invest\u012bciju aptaujas 2022. gada rezult\u0101ti nor\u0101da, ka 15% Latvijas <\/strong>uz\u0146\u0113mumu j\u016btas finansi\u0101li ierobe\u017eoti, kam\u0113r ES vid\u0113jais r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js ir 6,2%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visbie\u017e\u0101kie iemesli finansi\u0101lajai ierobe\u017eot\u012bbai tiek min\u0113ti atteikums pie\u0161\u0137irt finans\u0113jumu (10,2%),  nepietiekams pie\u0161\u0137irtais finans\u0113jums (2,3%) un izmaksas (2%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visvair\u0101k finansi\u0101li ierobe\u017eoti ir mazie un mikro uz\u0146\u0113mumi (22,3%) un  tikm\u0113r 17% no mazajiem un mikro uz\u0146\u0113mumiem vislabpr\u0101t\u0101k pa\u013caujas uz iek\u0161\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu, kam\u0113r ES r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js ir 9%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No nozar\u0113m visbie\u017e\u0101k finansi\u0101li ierobe\u017eota j\u016btas b\u016bvniec\u012bbas nozares uz\u0146\u0113mumi (20,9%) un 29% no b\u016bvniec\u012bbas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem labpr\u0101t\u0101k pa\u013caujas uz iek\u0161\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIBIS aptaujas dati liecina, ka visbie\u017e\u0101k uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ji ir neapmierin\u0101ti ar procentu likm\u0113m (12%), \u0137\u012blas pras\u012bb\u0101m (6%) un pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 finans\u0113juma apjomu (5%).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Latvij\u0101 80% uz\u0146\u0113mumu kredit\u0113 4 liel\u0101k\u0101s bankas<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

OECD Latvijas Ekonomikas aptaujas 2023. gada rezult\u0101ti nor\u0101da, ka Latvij\u0101 ir koncentr\u0113ts banku tirgus un aptuveni 80% no uz\u0146\u0113mumiem kredit\u0113jas \u010detr\u0101s liel\u0101kaj\u0101s bank\u0101s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101pat v\u0113rojams, ka aptuveni 80% no jauna izsniegtajiem kred\u012btiem nefinan\u0161u uz\u0146\u0113mumiem ir k\u0101d\u0101 no \u010detr\u0101m liel\u0101kaj\u0101m Latvijas bank\u0101m, kas nor\u0101da, ka tuv\u0101kaj\u0101 laik\u0101 nav sagaid\u0101mas liel\u0101ko banku tirgus koncentr\u0101cijas izmai\u0146as.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

OECD p\u0113t\u012bjuma rezult\u0101ti nor\u0101da ar\u012b uz to, ka Latvij\u0101 ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i augstas procentu likmes pie sal\u012bdzino\u0161i lab\u0101kas kred\u012btporfe\u013ca kvalit\u0101tes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kred\u012bta nodro\u0161in\u0101jumi liel\u0101kai da\u013cai \u2013 150% un pat 200% no aiz\u0146\u0113muma<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Latvijas Bankas finan\u0161u pieejam\u012bbas 2024. gada p\u0101rskat\u0101 tiek nor\u0101d\u012bts, ka Latvij\u0101 kred\u012btiem tiek pras\u012bts bie\u017e\u0101k un vair\u0101k nodro\u0161in\u0101juma, nek\u0101 cit\u0101s eirozonas valst\u012bs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113t\u012bjuma datu anal\u012bze nor\u0101da, ka gandr\u012bz visi kred\u012bti Baltijas valst\u012bs ir nodro\u0161in\u0101ti un Latvij\u0101 gandr\u012bz visi kred\u012bti ir piln\u012bb\u0101 nodro\u0161in\u0101ti, \u0137\u012blas v\u0113rt\u012bbai pat p\u0101rsniedzot kred\u012bta pamatsummu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Latvij\u0101 ar\u012b bie\u017e\u0101k nek\u0101 cit\u0101s eirozonas valst\u012bs tiek pras\u012bta nekustam\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161uma \u0137\u012bla un gandr\u012bz 90% no nefinan\u0161u uz\u0146\u0113mumu par\u0101dsaist\u012bb\u0101m ir nodro\u0161in\u0101tas ar vismaz div\u0101m vai vair\u0101k \u0137\u012bl\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Latvij\u0101 ir kapit\u0101ls invest\u012bcij\u0101m ekonomikas att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pensiju otraj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b, kas Latvij\u0101 ir oblig\u0101ts visiem, kas dzimu\u0161i p\u0113c 1970. gada, tiek uzkr\u0101ta da\u013ca no str\u0101d\u0101jo\u0161o bruto algas, kas p\u0113c tam tiek invest\u0113ta da\u017e\u0101dos v\u0113rtspap\u012bros. \u0160obr\u012bd pensiju 2. l\u012bmen\u012b ir uzkr\u0101ti nepilni 8,5 miljardi eiro, kas p\u0101rsvar\u0101 tiek invest\u0113ti \u0101rvalstu v\u0113rtspap\u012bros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101pat p\u0113c Latvijas Bankas sniegtajiem datiem uz 2024. gada 3. ceturksni rezidentu nefinan\u0161u uz\u0146\u0113mumu un m\u0101jsaimniec\u012bbu noguld\u012bjumi bank\u0101s bija tuvu 17 miljardiem eiro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tas liecina par to, ka Latvij\u0101 ir kapit\u0101ls, ko var\u0113tu ieguld\u012bt Latvijas ekonomikas att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101, ta\u010du \u0161obr\u012bd netiek piln\u012bb\u0101 izmantots potenci\u0101ls, ko var\u0113tu sniegt \u0161ie l\u012bdzek\u013ci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iesp\u0113jams, ka 2008. gada finan\u0161u kr\u012bzes pieredze, kas bija vissmag\u0101k\u0101 tie\u0161i Latvij\u0101, joproj\u0101m nosaka to, vai un k\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113mumi piesaista \u0101r\u0113jo finans\u0113jumu un k\u0101 bankas pie\u0161\u0137ir finans\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pilnu teksta versiju lasiet\u00a0LSM.LV<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n



<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Izaugsmei ir nepiecie\u0161amas invest\u012bcijas, un arvien bie\u017e\u0101k tiek run\u0101ts par invest\u012bciju veicin\u0101\u0161anu, lai stimul\u0113tu ekonomisko att\u012bst\u012bbu un konkur\u0113tsp\u0113ju, kas mazin\u0101tu izaugsmes plaisu starp Baltijas valst\u012bm. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1938,"featured_media":24595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24596"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1938"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24596"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24602,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24596\/revisions\/24602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}