{"id":1569,"date":"2013-07-02T18:08:15","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T16:08:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=1569"},"modified":"2013-07-12T10:52:22","modified_gmt":"2013-07-12T08:52:22","slug":"jauna-kartiba-pasutitaju-finansetiem-iepirkumiem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=1569","title":{"rendered":"Jauna k\u0101rt\u012bba pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ju finans\u0113tiem iepirkumiem"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kas ilgi n\u0101k, tas, cerams, labi n\u0101k \u2013 t\u0101 b\u016btu j\u0101saka par jauno Ministru kabineta ties\u012bbu aktu Noteikumi par iepirkuma proced\u016bru un t\u0101s piem\u0113ro\u0161anas k\u0101rt\u012bbu pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja finans\u0113tiem projektiem<\/em> (turpm\u0101k \u2013 MK noteikumi), ko Ministru kabinets atbalst\u012bja \u0161. g. 4. j\u016bnij\u0101 un kas st\u0101sies sp\u0113k\u0101 1. septembr\u012b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Darbs pie sp\u0113k\u0101 eso\u0161o Ministru kabineta 2008. gada 5. febru\u0101ra noteikumu nr. 65 Noteikumi par iepirkuma proced\u016bru un t\u0101s piem\u0113ro\u0161anas k\u0101rt\u012bbu pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja finans\u0113tiem projektiem<\/em> groz\u012b\u0161anas s\u0101k\u0101s 2010. gada nogal\u0113, kad Valsts sekret\u0101ru san\u0101ksm\u0113 tika izsludin\u0101ts attiec\u012bgs groz\u012bjumu projekts, ar kuru bija paredz\u0113ts groz\u012bt sp\u0113k\u0101 eso\u0161os Ministru kabineta noteikumus, nov\u0113r\u0161ot laika gait\u0101 konstat\u0113t\u0101s b\u016btisk\u0101k\u0101s probl\u0113mas regul\u0113jum\u0101. Tom\u0113r, k\u0101 to pier\u0101d\u012bja saska\u0146o\u0161ana, ar redakcion\u0101liem uzlabojumiem nebija l\u012bdz\u0113ts un kompromisa par projektu nebija, l\u012bdz beidzot Finan\u0161u ministrija nol\u0113ma l\u016bgt atsaukt min\u0113to projektu. Ministru kabinets 2012. gada 19. j\u016bnija s\u0113d\u0113 pie\u0146\u0113ma l\u0113mumu atz\u012bt projektu par aktualit\u0101ti zaud\u0113ju\u0161u, vienlaikus dodot uzdevumu izstr\u0101d\u0101t un \u012bs\u0101 laik\u0101 noteikt\u0101 k\u0101rt\u012bb\u0101 izsludin\u0101t Valsts sekret\u0101ru san\u0101ksm\u0113 jaunu ties\u012bbu akta projektu, k\u0101 galvenos regul\u0113juma elementus nosakot intere\u0161u konflikta nov\u0113r\u0161anu, publicit\u0101tes nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anu un izmaksu pamatot\u012bbas izv\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anu, vienlaikus mazinot administrat\u012bvo slogu un tuvinot iepirkumu norises k\u0101rt\u012bbu priv\u0101taj\u0101 sektor\u0101 pie\u0146emtajai k\u0101rt\u012bbai. <\/p>\n

Jaunais MK noteikumu projekts tika izsludin\u0101ts Valsts sekret\u0101ru san\u0101ksm\u0113 2012. gada augusta beig\u0101s un 2013. gada s\u0101kum\u0101 saska\u0146otais dokuments tika iesniegts Valsts kancelej\u0101 izskat\u012b\u0161anai Ministru kabineta s\u0113d\u0113. \u0160obr\u012bd, kad Ministru kabinets ir l\u0113mis atbalst\u012bt projektu, j\u0101konstat\u0113, ka sp\u0113k\u0101 eso\u0161\u0101 regul\u0113juma groz\u012b\u0161ana ir pras\u012bjusi vair\u0101k nek\u0101 divus gadus, t\u0101p\u0113c ir pamats ies\u0101kum\u0101 teiktajam par ilgo MK noteikumu projekta ce\u013cu l\u012bdz apstiprin\u0101\u0161anai, ko ir ietekm\u0113jusi virkne faktoru. Tom\u0113r par procesu svar\u012bg\u0101ks ir saturs, proti, tas, vai projekt\u0101 ietvertais regul\u0113jums ievies\u012bs uzlabojumus. Jaun\u0101 regul\u0113juma efektivit\u0101ti var\u0113s s\u0101kt v\u0113rt\u0113t aptuveni p\u0113c gada, taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 tie\u0161i \u0161is br\u012bdis ir b\u016btisks, lai skaidrotu gaid\u0101m\u0101s p\u0101rmai\u0146as un regul\u0113juma piem\u0113rot\u0101ji var\u0113tu ar to iepaz\u012bties, izprast un b\u016bt gatavi piem\u0113ro\u0161anai. Par b\u016btisk\u0101kaj\u0101m izmai\u0146\u0101m turpm\u0101k rakst\u0101.
\n
\nIes\u0101kum\u0101 j\u0101atg\u0101dina, ka, lai gan MK noteikumi ir izdoti uz Publisko iepirkumu likum\u0101 ietvert\u0101 dele\u0123\u0113juma pamata, tom\u0113r tie neattiecas nedz uz pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ju Publisko iepirkumu likuma izpratn\u0113, nedz ar\u012b uz sabiedrisko pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju Sabiedrisko pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju iepirkumu likuma izpratn\u0113 veiktajiem iepirkumiem. Noteikumu piem\u0113rot\u0101ji ir komersanti, kuru kapit\u0101l\u0101 nav valsts un pa\u0161vald\u012bbu tie\u0161as vai netie\u0161as l\u012bdzdal\u012bbas, vai ar\u012b biedr\u012bbas un nodibin\u0101jumi, kas saska\u0146\u0101 ar atbild\u012bg\u0101s instit\u016bcijas l\u0113mumu sa\u0146em Eiropas Savien\u012bbas politiku instrumentu, k\u0101 ar\u012b valsts vai pa\u0161vald\u012bbu bud\u017eeta finans\u0113jumu l\u012bguma izpildei. P\u0101rsvar\u0101 min\u0113t\u0101 finans\u0113juma avots vismaz da\u013c\u0113ji ir Eiropas Savien\u012bbas fondu finans\u0113jums.<\/p>\n

Intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bcija<\/strong><\/p>\n

Par pirmo no diviem b\u016btisk\u0101kajiem jaun\u0101 regul\u0113juma elementiem j\u0101min jaun\u0101 intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bcija. Lai gan \u0161obr\u012bd sp\u0113k\u0101 eso\u0161ajos Ministru kabineta noteikumos ir ietverts aizliegums sl\u0113gt l\u012bgumus ar saist\u012bt\u0101m person\u0101m, tom\u0113r tas ir nepiln\u012bgs, jo nav piem\u0113rojams t\u0101diem finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem, kas ir biedr\u012bbas un nodibin\u0101jumi, neattiecas uz saist\u012bbu starp finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja darbiniekiem, k\u0101 ar\u012b apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem, kas padara regul\u0113jumu neefekt\u012bvu.<\/p>\n

Par pamatu jaun\u0101s intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bcijas izstr\u0101dei kalpoja Finan\u0161u regul\u0101 un Ievie\u0161anas regul\u0101 ietvert\u0101 intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bcija. Min\u0113t\u0101s regulas, kas noteic Eiropas Savien\u012bbas bud\u017eeta l\u012bdzek\u013cu izlietojumu, paredz visp\u0101r\u012bgu un pla\u0161u intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bciju, kuras iev\u0113ro\u0161ana j\u0101nodro\u0161ina Eiropas Savien\u012bbas dal\u012bbvalst\u012bm. Min\u0113to regulu noteikumi tie\u0161\u0101 veid\u0101 neattiecas uz finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c \u0161o regulu noteikumi par intere\u0161u konfliktu tika modific\u0113ti t\u0101, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu \u0161\u012b regul\u0113juma m\u0113r\u0137a \u2013 identific\u0113t ac\u012bmredzamas jeb viegli konstat\u0113jamas intere\u0161u konflikta situ\u0101cijas \u2013 sasnieg\u0161anu. MK noteikumi skaidri un nep\u0101rprotami noteic aizliegumu finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem iepirkuma l\u012bgumus nosl\u0113gt ar t\u0101diem pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem, ar kuriem tie atrodas intere\u0161u konflikt\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b defin\u0113 konkr\u0113tus gad\u012bjumus, kad saist\u012bba starp finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju jebkur\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 dod pamatu ap\u0161aub\u012bt pied\u0101v\u0101juma izv\u0113li tikai ar iepirkuma priek\u0161metu saist\u012btu ekonomisku apsv\u0113rumu d\u0113\u013c un attiec\u012bgi pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 finans\u0113juma efekt\u012bvu izlieto\u0161anu. Aizlieguma p\u0101rk\u0101p\u0161anas sekas ir finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja veikto izdevumu da\u013c\u0113ja vai piln\u012bga neattiecin\u0101\u0161ana.<\/p>\n

Intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bcija aptver situ\u0101cijas, kur saist\u012bbas starp finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju pamat\u0101 ir l\u012bdzdal\u012bba, radniec\u012bba un l\u012bgumattiec\u012bbas, kuras pie\u0161\u0137ir ties\u012bbas un rada iesp\u0113ju finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja v\u0101rd\u0101 sl\u0113gt dar\u012bjumus un ietekm\u0113t t\u0101 l\u0113mumus. Aptverta ir saist\u012bba starp finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju, t\u0101 dal\u012bbnieku, akcion\u0101ru, biedru, padomes vai valdes locekli, k\u0101 ar\u012b to radinieku l\u012bdz otrajai radniec\u012bbas pak\u0101pei, laul\u0101to vai svaini l\u012bdz pirmajai svain\u012bbas pak\u0101pei, k\u0101 ar\u012b finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja prok\u016bristu vai komercpilnvarnieku, no vienas puses, un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju, t\u0101 apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju, k\u0101 ar\u012b to dal\u012bbnieku, akcion\u0101ru, biedru, padomes vai valdes locekli, prok\u016bristu vai komercpilnvarnieku, no otras puses. Min\u0113t\u0101 saist\u012bba past\u0101v gan tad, ja dal\u012bbnieki, akcion\u0101ri un biedri ir fiziskas personas, gan tad, ja dal\u012bbnieki, akcion\u0101ri un biedri ir juridiskas personas. Intere\u0161u konflikta defin\u012bcija aptver ar\u012b saist\u012bbas, kas rodas starp finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju un t\u0101 izraudz\u012bt\u0101 pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem. Ja apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113js izpilda b\u016btisku l\u012bguma da\u013cu, tam ir interese, lai pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js nosl\u0113gtu l\u012bgumu ar finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c \u0161\u0101ds gad\u012bjums ir aptverts ar defin\u012bciju. Apak\u0161uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja saist\u012bba ar finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju rada pamatu ap\u0161aub\u012bt to, vai finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja pie\u0146emt\u0101 l\u0113muma pamat\u0101 ir tikai ekonomiski apsv\u0113rumi un nol\u016bks efekt\u012bvi izlietot atbild\u012bg\u0101s instit\u016bcijas pie\u0161\u0137irto finans\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n

Ar regul\u0113jumu gan nav iesp\u0113jams un nav lietder\u012bgi aptvert visas intere\u0161u konflikta situ\u0101cijas, jo sevi\u0161\u0137i t\u0101s, kuras ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bti konstat\u0113jamas. L\u012bdz ar to defin\u012bcija neaptver t\u0101das situ\u0101cijas, kas saist\u012btas ar finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja dal\u012bbnieku (akcion\u0101ru) vai citu fizisko personu emocion\u0101lo vai citu intere\u0161u rad\u012btu tuv\u012bbu vai \u0161o personu p\u0101rliec\u012bbu. Piem\u0113ram, aptverot situ\u0101cijas, kur\u0101s saist\u012bbu starp finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju veido tos p\u0101rst\u0101vo\u0161o fizisko personu kop\u012bga saimniec\u012bba vai pieder\u012bba pie vienas politisk\u0101s organiz\u0101cijas, jebkur\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 netiks aptvertas situ\u0101cijas, kur\u0101s l\u0113mumi par iepirkuma l\u012bguma sl\u0113g\u0161anas ties\u012bbu pie\u0161\u0137ir\u0161anu ar iepirkuma priek\u0161metu nesaist\u012btu iemeslu d\u0113\u013c konkr\u0113tam pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jam var tikt pie\u0161\u0137irti, piem\u0113ram, kop\u012bgu intere\u0161u, draudz\u012bbas vai kaimi\u0146attiec\u012bbu d\u0113\u013c. <\/p>\n

Pan\u0101kt\u0101 kompromisa rezult\u0101t\u0101 MK noteikumos ir ietverti atsevi\u0161\u0137i iz\u0146\u0113mumi intere\u0161u konflikta esam\u012bbai. \u0160ie iz\u0146\u0113mumi attiecas uz situ\u0101cij\u0101m, kad saist\u012btaj\u0101m person\u0101m ir ierobe\u017eotas iesp\u0113jas ietekm\u0113t l\u0113mumus, k\u0101 ar\u012b uz situ\u0101cij\u0101m, kad \u012bpa\u0161u, ar iepirkuma priek\u0161metu saist\u012btu, apst\u0101k\u013cu d\u0113\u013c var neb\u016bt iesp\u0113jams nosl\u0113gt l\u012bgumu ar nesaist\u012btu personu. Nodro\u0161in\u0101ts, ka regul\u0113jums ir pietiekami elast\u012bgs, dodot iesp\u0113ju likumdev\u0113jam katr\u0101 konkr\u0113t\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 paredz\u0113t maz\u0101k vai vair\u0101k ierobe\u017eojo\u0161us intere\u0161u konflikta noteikumus. \u0160\u0101ds iz\u0146\u0113mums var\u0113tu tikt paredz\u0113ts, piem\u0113ram, ja projekta iesniedz\u0113js ir biedr\u012bba, kura p\u0101rst\u0101v nozares komersantus, un ir b\u016btiski at\u013caut biedr\u012bbai nosl\u0113gt iepirkuma l\u012bgumus ar saviem biedriem, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu kvalitat\u012bvu projekta realiz\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Intere\u0161u konflikta esam\u012bbas p\u0101rbaude prim\u0101ri ir j\u0101veic finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam pirms iepirkuma l\u012bguma nosl\u0113g\u0161anas, kam ar\u012b nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas gad\u012bjum\u0101 j\u0101pamato ierobe\u017eojumu iev\u0113ro\u0161ana. Lai gan MK noteikumi k\u0101 vien\u012bgo pien\u0101kumu paredz finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam pievienot iepirkuma proced\u016bras dokumentiem apliecin\u0101jumu par neatra\u0161anos intere\u0161u konflikta situ\u0101cij\u0101, tom\u0113r tie\u0161i ar \u0161o apliecin\u0101jumu finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113js uz\u0146emas finansi\u0101lu atbild\u012bbu par intere\u0161u konflikta nov\u0113r\u0161anas regul\u0113juma iev\u0113ro\u0161anu. Pat, ja tikai v\u0113l\u0101k atkl\u0101sies finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja intere\u0161u konflikts, veiktie izdevumi piln\u012bb\u0101 vai da\u013c\u0101 netiks attiecin\u0101ti, un finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam tiks liegta Eiropas Savien\u012bbas fondu l\u012bdzek\u013cu izmanto\u0161ana. T\u0101 k\u0101 finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113js un pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js var censties atra\u0161anos intere\u0161u konflikt\u0101 sl\u0113pt, atbild\u012bgajai instit\u016bcijai, k\u0101 ar\u012b cit\u0101m instit\u016bcij\u0101m, kam normat\u012bvajos aktos paredz\u0113tas kontroles un rev\u012bzijas ties\u012bbas, ir ties\u012bbas p\u0101rbaud\u012bt apliecin\u0101juma patiesumu.<\/p>\n

Konkursa viet\u0101 \u2013 sarunas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Otrs b\u016btisks jaun\u0101 regul\u0113juma elements ir konkursa aizst\u0101\u0161ana ar sarun\u0101m. Jebk\u0101da veida konkursa proced\u016bru parasti raksturo, pirmk\u0101rt, visu pras\u012bbu noteik\u0161ana pirms pied\u0101v\u0101jumu iesnieg\u0161anas, otrk\u0101rt, publiska to izzi\u0146o\u0161ana, tre\u0161k\u0101rt, pietiekama laika do\u0161ana pied\u0101v\u0101jumu iesnieg\u0161anai, ceturtk\u0101rt, pied\u0101v\u0101jumu v\u0113rt\u0113\u0161ana tikai saska\u0146\u0101 ar iepriek\u0161 noteiktaj\u0101m pras\u012bb\u0101m, k\u0101 ar\u012b, piektk\u0101rt, regul\u0113juma pareizas piem\u0113ro\u0161anas kontrole un, sestk\u0101rt, ierobe\u017eojumi nosl\u0113gto l\u012bgumu groz\u012b\u0161anai. \u0160ie elementi nodro\u0161ina augstu atkl\u0101t\u012bbas l\u012bmeni. Savuk\u0101rt sarunas parasti raksturo iesp\u0113ja saska\u0146ot pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja vajadz\u012bbas ar pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja iesp\u0113j\u0101m t\u0101s apmierin\u0101t, kas noz\u012bm\u0113 iesp\u0113ju preciz\u0113t pras\u012bbas sarunu laik\u0101, nemainot iepirkuma m\u0113r\u0137i. Lai gan sarunas var nenodro\u0161in\u0101t t\u0101du pat atkl\u0101t\u012bbu k\u0101 konkurss, tom\u0113r tie\u0161i sarunas parasti ir pamat\u0101 komercdar\u012bjumiem, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 tiek atrasts pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101jam nepiecie\u0161amais risin\u0101jums, kas nodro\u0161ina t\u0101 vajadz\u012bbu apmierin\u0101\u0161anu un vienlaikus ir ar\u012b ekonomiski efekt\u012bvs. <\/p>\n

Sarunu iesp\u0113ja nov\u0113rs\u012bs bie\u017ei konstat\u0113to situ\u0101ciju, ka finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113js iepirkum\u0101 nesa\u0146em sav\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m atbilsto\u0161u pied\u0101v\u0101jumu, jo, defin\u0113jot pras\u012bbas, ir pie\u013c\u0101vis k\u013c\u016bdas un nevar sa\u0146emt patiesaj\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m atbilsto\u0161u pied\u0101v\u0101jumu vai ar\u012b form\u0101lu neatbilst\u012bbu d\u0113\u013c ir j\u0101noraida ekonomiski izdev\u012bgs pied\u0101v\u0101jums. J\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, ka finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ji, piem\u0113ram, biedr\u012bbas, kas apsaimnieko dz\u012bvojam\u0101s \u0113kas, iepirkumus veic reti, bie\u017ei vien pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 fondu projekta finans\u0113juma apg\u016b\u0161ana ir vien\u012bg\u0101 reize, kad tiek veikts iepirkums, t\u0101p\u0113c k\u013c\u016bdas pieredzes tr\u016bkuma d\u0113\u013c ir neizb\u0113gamas. Jebk\u0101das iepirkuma proced\u016bras rezult\u0101ti ir atkar\u012bgi no pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja kompetences, m\u0113r\u0137iem un ieguld\u012bt\u0101 darba, l\u012bdz ar to ar\u012b konkursa proced\u016bra pati par sevi nevar nov\u0113rst nekompetences un negodpr\u0101t\u012bgas r\u012bc\u012bbas sekas, k\u0101 ar\u012b nodro\u0161in\u0101t iepirkuma ekonomisko efektivit\u0101ti. Ieguld\u012bjumiem atbilsto\u0161a v\u0113rt\u012bba un ekonomisk\u0101 efektivit\u0101te ir pan\u0101kama vai vismaz piln\u012bb\u0101 neefekt\u012bva l\u012bdzek\u013cu izlieto\u0161ana ir nov\u0113r\u0161ama ar citiem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem.<\/p>\n

Pl\u0101nojot un uzs\u0101kot jebkuru iepirkumu, t\u0101 veic\u0113jam ir j\u0101apzina savas vajadz\u012bbas un j\u0101nosaka pras\u012bbas, k\u0101 ar\u012b j\u0101veic tirgus izp\u0113te. L\u012bdz \u0161im nereti min\u0113to darb\u012bbu neveik\u0161ana vai pavir\u0161a veik\u0161ana bija izplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101 finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju k\u013c\u016bda. Jaun\u0101 iepirkuma proced\u016bra sev\u012b iek\u013cauj min\u0113t\u0101s darb\u012bbas, turkl\u0101t neaprobe\u017eo \u0161o darb\u012bbu veik\u0161anu ar laiku pirms iepirkuma proced\u016bras uzs\u0101k\u0161anas. V\u0113l jo vair\u0101k, visa proced\u016bra ir veidota k\u0101 tirgus izp\u0113te un iesp\u0113ja savas vajadz\u012bbas saska\u0146ot ar tirgus iesp\u0113j\u0101m t\u0101s nodro\u0161in\u0101t. <\/p>\n

Ir saglab\u0101ts finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja pien\u0101kums sagatavot iepirkuma priek\u0161meta aprakstu, lai sistematiz\u0113tu b\u016btiskos noteikumus attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz iepirkuma priek\u0161metu, k\u0101 ar\u012b tirgus dal\u012bbnieki var\u0113tu izv\u0113rt\u0113t, vai iepirkums atbilst to darb\u012bbas nozarei un iesp\u0113j\u0101m. Aprakstam nav j\u0101b\u016bt tik detaliz\u0113tam k\u0101 Publisko iepirkumu likum\u0101 paredz\u0113taj\u0101m tehniskaj\u0101m specifik\u0101cij\u0101m. Ir pat ieteicams izvair\u012bties no p\u0101r\u0101k detaliz\u0113tu pras\u012bbu noteik\u0161anas, dodot priek\u0161roku funkcion\u0101l\u0101m pras\u012bb\u0101m, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di saglab\u0101jot elast\u012bbu sarunu laik\u0101.<\/p>\n

Finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ji ir ties\u012bgi pa\u0161i uzaicin\u0101t br\u012bvi izraudz\u012btus pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jus iesniegt s\u0101kotn\u0113jos pied\u0101v\u0101jumus un organiz\u0113t ar tiem sarunas. Lai nov\u0113rstu to, ka finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem dot\u0101 r\u012bc\u012bbas br\u012bv\u012bba tiek izmantota neatbilsto\u0161i un tiek ieg\u016bti ekonomiski neizdev\u012bgi, t. sk. apzin\u0101ti sad\u0101rdzin\u0101ti pied\u0101v\u0101jumi, finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem ir pien\u0101kums iepirkumu izzi\u0146ot Iepirkumu uzraudz\u012bbas biroja m\u0101jaslap\u0101. Tur ir j\u0101public\u0113 iepirkuma priek\u0161meta apraksts un j\u0101dod pietiekams termi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101kotn\u0113jo pied\u0101v\u0101jumu sagatavo\u0161anai un iesnieg\u0161anai, kas jebkur\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 nedr\u012bkst b\u016bt \u012bs\u0101ks par 10 darbdien\u0101m pieg\u0101des un pakalpojumu l\u012bgumu gad\u012bjum\u0101 un 15 darbdien\u0101m b\u016bvdarbu l\u012bguma gad\u012bjum\u0101. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di ikvienam pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jam ir iesp\u0113ja iesniegt s\u0101kotn\u0113jo pied\u0101v\u0101jumu, kas finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam ir j\u0101izv\u0113rt\u0113. Finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam \u0161\u0101di pied\u0101v\u0101jumi no malas ir j\u0101uztver nevis k\u0101 apgr\u016btin\u0101jums un j\u0101cen\u0161as noraid\u012bt, bet gan j\u0101uztver k\u0101 instruments, kas \u013cauj p\u0101rbaud\u012bt un pamatot pa\u0161a pieaicin\u0101to pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju izteikto pied\u0101v\u0101jumu ekonomisko izdev\u012bgumu. Pied\u0101v\u0101jumi no malas ir katalizators, kas uzraugo\u0161aj\u0101m instit\u016bcij\u0101m dod iesp\u0113ju nov\u0113rt\u0113t finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja izraudz\u012bt\u0101 pied\u0101v\u0101juma ekonomisko pamatot\u012bbu. Ekonomiski pamatots pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 finans\u0113juma izlietojums ir Finan\u0161u regul\u0101 un Ievie\u0161anas regul\u0101 paredz\u0113tais nosac\u012bjums Eiropas Savien\u012bbas pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 finans\u0113juma izmanto\u0161anai. Uz pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 finans\u0113juma efekt\u012bvas izlieto\u0161anas nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu \u0161obr\u012bd arvien uzst\u0101j\u012bg\u0101k nor\u0101da gan Eiropas Komisija, gan nacion\u0101l\u0101s iest\u0101des, l\u012bdz ar to sagaid\u0101ms, ka finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem arvien vair\u0101k b\u016bs j\u0101sp\u0113j pamatot tie\u0161i \u0161is aspekts, nevis k\u0101du form\u0101lu un maznoz\u012bm\u012bgu proced\u016bras noteikumu iev\u0113ro\u0161ana.<\/p>\n

K\u0101 nodro\u0161in\u0101t finans\u0113juma izlietojuma efektivit\u0101ti<\/strong><\/p>\n

MK noteikumos dotas nor\u0101des uz diviem instrumentiem. Pirmk\u0101rt, t\u0101s ir sarunas, kur\u0101s pied\u0101v\u0101jumi apsprie\u017eami p\u0113c b\u016bt\u012bbas, t. sk. pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem ir iesp\u0113ja izskaidrot un preciz\u0113t pied\u0101v\u0101juma nosac\u012bjumus, bet finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam \u2013 pras\u012bbas. Vien\u012bgais nosac\u012bjums ir aizliegums main\u012bt iepirkuma priek\u0161metu, t\u0101p\u0113c ar\u012b finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam r\u016bp\u012bgi ir j\u0101p\u0101rdom\u0101, k\u0101 defin\u0113t iepirkuma priek\u0161metu, lai tas jau s\u0101kotn\u0113ji neb\u016btu ierobe\u017eojo\u0161s. T\u0101pat ir paredz\u0113tas pla\u0161as iesp\u0113jas finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam izv\u0113l\u0113ties sarunu taktiku, kas ietver ar\u012b sarunu organiz\u0113\u0161anu k\u0101rt\u0101s, pak\u0101peniski atmetot neperspekt\u012bv\u0101kos pied\u0101v\u0101jumus. Tas cita starp\u0101 nodro\u0161ina ar\u012b to, ka pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem j\u0101r\u016bp\u0113jas par skaidra un pamatota, bet finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam \u2013 par izdev\u012bga pied\u0101v\u0101juma iesnieg\u0161anu. Savuk\u0101rt finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam ar racion\u0101liem apsv\u0113rumiem j\u0101pamato savi l\u0113mumi, nodro\u0161inot atkl\u0101t\u012bbu, p\u0101rskat\u0101m\u012bbu un finans\u0113juma izlietojuma efektivit\u0101ti, kas neb\u016bs sasniegta, ja form\u0101lu iemeslu d\u0113\u013c tiks noraid\u012bti potenci\u0101li izdev\u012bgi pied\u0101v\u0101jumi. Finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem ir j\u0101dokument\u0113 pie\u0146emtie l\u0113mumi, lai to pamatojumu var\u0113tu izv\u0113rt\u0113t uzraugo\u0161\u0101s instit\u016bcijas. \u0160o instit\u016bciju loma iepirkuma proced\u016bru izv\u0113rt\u0113\u0161an\u0101 pieaugs.<\/p>\n

K\u0101 l\u012bdzeklis efektivit\u0101tes nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anai MK noteikumos ir min\u0113ta iesp\u0113ja atbild\u012bgaj\u0101m instit\u016bcij\u0101m noteikt izmaksu ierobe\u017eojumus. Protams, \u0161\u0101du cenu un likmju noteik\u0161ana p\u0101rsvar\u0101 ir iesp\u0113jama standartiz\u0113tu produktu ieg\u0101des gad\u012bjum\u0101, tom\u0113r vismaz pagaid\u0101m liel\u0101kaj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101 gad\u012bjumu tiek ieg\u0101d\u0101ti tie\u0161i standartiz\u0113ti produkti.<\/p>\n

B\u016btiska noz\u012bme ir l\u012bgumu groz\u012bjumu regul\u0113jumam. K\u0101 zin\u0101ms, Publisko iepirkumu likums paredz stingrus ierobe\u017eojumus l\u012bgumu groz\u012b\u0161anai. MK noteikumu piem\u0113rot\u0101ji at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101jiem \u2013 iest\u0101d\u0113m \u2013 ir pieradu\u0161i pie liel\u0101kas elast\u012bbas un iesp\u0113jas nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas gad\u012bjum\u0101 vienoties par citiem risin\u0101jumiem, ja tas k\u013c\u016bst nepiecie\u0161ams nosl\u0113gt\u0101 l\u012bguma izpildes rezult\u0101t\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, nereti tikai l\u012bguma izpildes laik\u0101 puses apzin\u0101s, ka l\u012bgumu efekt\u012bv\u0101k var izpild\u012bt, izmantojot at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgu tehnolo\u0123iju, vai ar\u012b, ka l\u012bguma izpildei nepiecie\u0161ams veikt s\u0101kotn\u0113ji neapzin\u0101tus papildu darbus. L\u012bdz \u0161im praks\u0113 uzraugo\u0161\u0101s instit\u016bcijas \u013coti at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgi interpret\u0113ja iesp\u0113ju pie\u013caut l\u012bgumu groz\u012bjumus \u2013 no \u013coti elast\u012bgas pieejas, kas pie\u013c\u0101va ar\u012b b\u016btiskus sad\u0101rdzin\u0101jumus l\u012bguma izpild\u0113, l\u012bdz \u013coti stingrai un ierobe\u017eojo\u0161ai, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 uz \u0161iem iepirkumiem tika attiecin\u0101tas v\u0113l stingr\u0101kas pras\u012bbas, nek\u0101 paredz Publisko iepirkumu likums. MK noteikumu autori apzin\u0101j\u0101s, ka nav sam\u0113r\u012bgi pras\u012bt finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam, kas visbie\u017e\u0101k iepirkumu form\u0101l\u0101 proced\u016br\u0101 veic pirmo reizi, lai tas jau s\u0101kotn\u0113ji piln\u012bgi prec\u012bzi visu b\u016btu noteicis un v\u0113l\u0101k tam nerastos nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba p\u0113c izmai\u0146\u0101m. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c paredz\u0113ts, ka l\u012bgumsl\u0113dz\u0113jas puses ir ties\u012bgas veikt groz\u012bjumus nosl\u0113gtajos l\u012bgumos, bet, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu finans\u0113juma izlietojuma efektivit\u0101ti, t. sk. liktu finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem r\u016bp\u012bg\u0101k izv\u0113rt\u0113t savas vajadz\u012bbas un pied\u0101v\u0101jumus, ir noteikts, ka groz\u012bjumi l\u012bgum\u0101 var tikt veikti, nemainot iepirkuma priek\u0161metu un l\u012bguma puses, k\u0101 ar\u012b negrozot tos aspektus, uz kuriem finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113js atsaucies k\u0101 konkr\u0113t\u0101 pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja un pied\u0101v\u0101juma priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m, pie\u0146emot l\u0113mumu par pied\u0101v\u0101juma izv\u0113li. Ja groz\u012bjumi l\u012bgum\u0101 b\u016bs izdar\u012bti p\u0113c finans\u0113juma pie\u0161\u0137ir\u0161anas, groz\u012bjumu rezult\u0101t\u0101 rad\u012btais sad\u0101rdzin\u0101jums ir j\u0101sedz finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam no saviem finan\u0161u l\u012bdzek\u013ciem. <\/p>\n

B\u016btiski uzsv\u0113rt, ka MK noteikumu normu pareizas interpret\u0101cijas nol\u016bk\u0101 j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 anot\u0101cij\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012btais, ka MK noteikumu regul\u0113jums ir pa\u0161pietiekams, t. i., t\u0101 interpret\u0101cij\u0101 nav izmantojams Publisko iepirkumu likum\u0101 detaliz\u0113ti noteiktais iepirkuma proced\u016bru regul\u0113jums, t. sk. attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz iz\u0146\u0113mumiem, pras\u012bb\u0101m pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem un iepirkuma priek\u0161metam, k\u0101 ar\u012b l\u012bgumu groz\u012bjumiem. MK noteikumi apzin\u0101ti nosaka at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgu ietvaru atkl\u0101t\u012bbas, vienl\u012bdz\u012bgas attieksmes un citu Publisko iepirkumu likum\u0101 paredz\u0113to principu iev\u0113ro\u0161anai, priorit\u0101ti dodot finans\u0113juma sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja pien\u0101kumam nodro\u0161in\u0101t pie\u0161\u0137irt\u0101 finans\u0113juma efekt\u012bvu izmanto\u0161anu. <\/p>\n

Nobeigum\u0101 j\u0101izsaka cer\u012bba, ka jaunais regul\u0113jums mazin\u0101s form\u0101lu pras\u012bbu rad\u012bto slogu un neelast\u012bbu iepirkumos, sekm\u0113jot finans\u0113juma tiesisku un efekt\u012bvu izlietojumu. Prakse, protams, laika gait\u0101 var ieviest zin\u0101mas korekcijas, tom\u0113r l\u012bdz \u0161im sa\u0146emt\u0101s atsauksmes \u013cauj cer\u0113t uz regul\u0113juma m\u0113r\u0137u sasnieg\u0161anu. Ja regul\u0113jums b\u016bs efekt\u012bvs, to var\u0113s apsv\u0113rt k\u0101 vienu no alternat\u012bv\u0101m iek\u013cau\u0161anai Publisko iepirkumu likum\u0101 un Sabiedrisko pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju iepirkumu likum\u0101 k\u0101 t. s. zemsliek\u0161\u0146u iepirkumu regul\u0113jumu.<\/p>\n

Teksts: ARTIS LAPI\u0145\u0160, Finan\u0161u ministrijas vec\u0101kais eksperts<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kas ilgi n\u0101k, tas, cerams, labi n\u0101k \u2013 t\u0101 b\u016btu j\u0101saka par jauno Ministru kabineta ties\u012bbu aktu Noteikumi par iepirkuma proced\u016bru un t\u0101s piem\u0113ro\u0161anas k\u0101rt\u012bbu pas\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja finans\u0113tiem projektiem, ko Ministru kabinets atbalst\u012bja \u0161. g. 4. j\u016bnij\u0101 un kas st\u0101sies sp\u0113k\u0101 1. septembr\u012b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[71,1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1569"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1569"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1569\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}