{"id":10417,"date":"2018-12-04T12:12:59","date_gmt":"2018-12-04T10:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=10417"},"modified":"2018-12-04T12:17:29","modified_gmt":"2018-12-04T10:17:29","slug":"aprites-ekonomikas-izaicinajumi-un-iespejas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/?p=10417","title":{"rendered":"Aprites ekonomikas izaicin\u0101jumi un iesp\u0113jas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aprites ekonomikas izaicin\u0101jumi un iesp\u0113jas. CircularPP projekta atbalsts pa\u0161vald\u012bb\u0101m<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ilgsto\u0161i m\u016bsu sabiedr\u012bba ir izmantojusi line\u0101ro ekonomikas modeli. Line\u0101raj\u0101 ekonomik\u0101, m\u0113s ieg\u016bstam resursus, sara\u017eojam produktus, k\u0101du noteiktu laika periodu tos lietojam un tad tos izmetam atkritumos jeb izmetot padar\u0101m tos par atkritumiem. \u0160\u0101ds modelis ir neefekt\u012bvs, jo tas izsme\u013c dabas resursus, pat\u0113r\u0113 lielu ener\u0123ijas daudzumu un rada atkritumus. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 prognoz\u0113to demogr\u0101fisko un ekonomisko izaugsmi pasaul\u0113, ir skaidrs, ka \u0161\u0101ds modelis nevar b\u016bt ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgs. <\/p>\n

Line\u0101r\u0101 ekonomika veicina atkritumu p\u0101rprodukciju <\/span><\/strong>
\nViena no line\u0101r\u0101s ekonomikas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m ir t\u0101da, ka tikl\u012bdz k\u0101ds produkts tiek padar\u012bts vai uzskat\u012bts par atkritumu, t\u0101 ar\u012b tiek uzskat\u012bts, ka tas ir zaud\u0113jis gandr\u012bz visas tam piem\u012bto\u0161\u0101s v\u0113rt\u012bbas. Toties aprites ekonomika pied\u0101v\u0101 alternat\u012bvu modeli, kur produkti p\u0113c to lieto\u0161anas, netiek uzskat\u012bti par atkritumiem, bet tie\u0161i pret\u0113ji \u2013 p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas ilg\u0101k tiek izmantoti, saglab\u0101jot savu v\u0113rt\u012bbu. \u0160\u0101da alternat\u012bva pieeja samazina atkritumu daudzumu, pat\u0113r\u0113to ener\u0123iju un piepras\u012bjumu p\u0113c jaunu dabas resursu ieguves.
\n
\nAtbilsto\u0161i aprites ekonomikas pieejai, var izmantot vair\u0101kas strat\u0113\u0123ijas: pagarin\u0101t produkta lieto\u0161anas ilgumu, veicin\u0101t labo\u0161anu, atk\u0101rtotu produktu lieto\u0161anu, p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101t materi\u0101lus, k\u0101 ar\u012b piepras\u012bt produktus no jau p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101tiem nevis jaunieg\u016btiem izejvielu materi\u0101liem.<\/p>\n

Ar aprites ekonomikas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu varam taup\u012bt ne tikai dabas resursus un samazin\u0101t ietekmi uz vidi, bet ar\u012b pan\u0101kt ekonomiskus un soci\u0101lus ieguvumus. Izmantojot aprites ekonomikas modeli pa\u0161vald\u012bbu iepirkumos, tai ir iesp\u0113ja sasniegt ne tikai pa\u0161vald\u012bbas izvirz\u012btos vides m\u0113r\u0137us, bet ar\u012b b\u016btiski ietaup\u012bt finan\u0161u resursus, rad\u012bt jaunas darba vietas vai nodro\u0161in\u0101t jau eso\u0161\u0101s, k\u0101 ar\u012b ieg\u0101d\u0101ties kvalitat\u012bv\u0101kas preces un pakalpojumus t\u0101s iedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem, vienlaikus atbild\u012bg\u0101k un efekt\u012bv\u0101k izmantojot t\u0101s p\u0101rraudz\u012bb\u0101 eso\u0161os resursus. Aprites ekonomikas modelis iet roku rok\u0101 ar daudz\u0101s pa\u0161vald\u012bb\u0101s jau izmantotajiem za\u013c\u0101 iepirkuma krit\u0113rijiem, tos v\u0113l papildinot ar soci\u0101lajiem un ekonomiskajiem ieguvumiem. \u0160obr\u012bd speci\u0101listi un akad\u0113mi\u0137i nereti str\u012bdas: vai za\u013cais publiskais iepirkums ir da\u013ca no aprites iepirkuma, vai ar\u012b aprites iepirkums ir papla\u0161in\u0101ts za\u013cais iepirkums? B\u016bt\u012bba nemain\u0101s: sagatavojot iepirkumu, m\u0113s taj\u0101 iestr\u0101d\u0101jam za\u013cos un aprites ekonomikas krit\u0113rijus, s\u0101kot jau ar vajadz\u012bbu apzin\u0101\u0161anu: varb\u016bt nemaz nav j\u0101veic iepirkums, bet var izmantot eso\u0161os pa\u0161vald\u012bbas resursus? <\/p>\n

Piem\u0113ram, m\u0113be\u013cu ietekme uz vidi liel\u0101koties ir saist\u012bta ar dabas resursu (koka, naftas \u0137\u012bmijas produktu, vai met\u0101la) izmanto\u0161anu m\u0113be\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161anai un procesiem ra\u017eotn\u0113. Lieto\u0161anas stadij\u0101 m\u0113beles faktiski nerada ietekmi uz vidi, un visliel\u0101k\u0101s iesp\u0113jas samazin\u0101t m\u0113be\u013cu ietekmi uz vidi ir p\u0101rdom\u0101t\u0101 izejvielu izv\u0113l\u0113 un to lieto\u0161anas m\u016b\u017ea pagarin\u0101\u0161an\u0101. Aprites ekonomikas principu iev\u0113ro\u0161ana iepirkumos noz\u012bm\u0113 dot priek\u0161roku m\u0113be\u013cu atk\u0101rtotai izmanto\u0161anai un atjauno\u0161anai. Ja k\u0101du m\u0113be\u013cu vai citu produktu grupu da\u013cu nav iesp\u0113jams p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101t un to tom\u0113r ir j\u0101iep\u0113rk, tad vajadz\u0113tu iepirkt t\u0101, lai p\u0113c lieto\u0161anas laika, t\u0101 tiktu atk\u0101rtoti izmantota vai p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101ta. <\/p>\n

K\u0101 jau min\u0113ts, m\u016bsdien\u0101s p\u0101rlieku esam vad\u012bju\u0161ies p\u0113c line\u0101rais ekonomikas mode\u013ca, tom\u0113r aprites ekonomika nav nekas principi\u0101li jauns: daudz kur pasaul\u0113 to jau izmanto, ar\u012b m\u0113s to izmantojam, nesaucot aprites ekonomikas v\u0101rd\u0101. Ar\u012b atkritumu apsaimnieko\u0161anas hierarhija atbilst aprites ekonomikas pieejai: j\u0101s\u0101k ar atkritumu samazin\u0101\u0161anu, tas noz\u012bm\u0113, nep\u0113rkot lietas, bez kur\u0101m varam iztikt. <\/p>\n

Aprites ekonomikas un aprites iepirkumu piem\u0113ri<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Velsas Sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas dienests, p\u0101rce\u013coties uz jaun\u0101m telp\u0101m, nol\u0113ma restaur\u0113t eso\u0161\u0101s m\u0113beles. S\u0101kum\u0101 veica eso\u0161o m\u0113be\u013cu auditu un maksim\u0101li t\u0101s atjaunojot, pan\u0101ca, ka no divarpus t\u016bksto\u0161iem objektu jaunaj\u0101 biroj\u0101 gandr\u012bz puse ir lietoti, puse ra\u017eoti uz veco izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu b\u0101zes, un tikai 6% pirkti no jauna. \u0160\u0101da pieeja rad\u012bja modernu jaunu biroju un nedaudz samazin\u0101ja finansi\u0101los izdevumus, k\u0101 ar\u012b rad\u012bja jaunas darba vietas pa\u0161vald\u012bb\u0101, jo m\u0113be\u013cu renov\u0101cija notika turpat. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di Velsas Sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas dienests nov\u0113rsa 41\u00a0tonnu atkritumu nok\u013c\u016b\u0161anu izg\u0101ztuv\u0113, k\u0101 ar\u012b pal\u012bdz\u0113ja ietaup\u012bt 134\u00a0tonnas CO2 e (oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda ekvivalenta), kas b\u016btu pat\u0113r\u0113ts jaunu m\u0113be\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161anai. Velsas Sabiedr\u012bbas vesel\u012bbas dienests ar\u012b p\u0101rg\u0101ja uz atv\u0113rt\u0101 pl\u0101nojuma biroju, kas \u013cauj uzlabot sabiedrisk\u0101 sektora \u0113ku izmanto\u0161anu (parasti par 20-40\u00a0%), samazin\u0101t pat\u0113ri\u0146a pre\u010du izmanto\u0161anu un nodro\u0161in\u0101t lab\u0101ku to utiliz\u0101ciju. <\/p>\n

N\u012bderlandes ener\u0123\u0113tikas uz\u0146\u0113mums \u201cAlliander\u201d sl\u0113dza t\u0101dus l\u012bgumus ar m\u0113be\u013cu pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem, lai tie pie\u0146emtu atpaka\u013c m\u0113beles, kas tom\u0113r izr\u0101d\u0101s liekas un netiek izmantotas. Tas ar\u012b noz\u012bm\u0113, ka uz\u0146\u0113mums seko l\u012bdzi m\u0113be\u013cu izmanto\u0161anai, lai noteiktu, kas ir lieks. Ar\u012b jaun\u0101s m\u0113beles ir t\u0101das, kas ir viegl\u0101k atjaunojamas un atk\u0101rtoti izmantojamas. \u0160\u0101du inovat\u012bvu iepirkumu izmanto\u0161ana prasa vair\u0101k sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s laika. \u013boti svar\u012bgas ir konsult\u0101cijas ar potenci\u0101lajiem pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem \u2013 tiem j\u0101saprot pa\u0161vald\u012bbas v\u0113lmes un nodomi, un t\u0101pat ar\u012b pa\u0161vald\u012bbai ir j\u0101saprot pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju iesp\u0113jas. <\/p>\n

D\u0101nij\u0101, Olborgas pils\u0113t\u0101, kas veica inovat\u012bvu \u201caprites iepirkumu\u201d m\u0113bel\u0113m, t\u0101 sagatavo\u0161anas laik\u0101 notika septi\u0146as tirgus san\u0101ksmes. \u0160\u0101 iepirkuma sagatavo\u0161an\u0101 iesaist\u012bj\u0101s gan D\u0101nijas Vides aizsardz\u012bbas a\u0123ent\u016bra un D\u0101nijas Standartiz\u0101cijas organiz\u0101cija, gan ar\u012b Olborgas Universit\u0101tes \u201cZa\u013c\u0101 izbraukuma grupa\u201d un Zieme\u013cd\u0101nijas Ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgas att\u012bst\u012bbas t\u012bkls. Iepirkuma rezult\u0101ti viennoz\u012bm\u012bgi atsver ilg\u0101ko sagatavo\u0161anas procesu gan finansi\u0101l\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101, gan vides un soci\u0101lo ieguvumu zi\u0146\u0101, jo ieg\u016bto praksi un zin\u0101\u0161anas var\u0113s izmantot jaunu iepirkumu gatavo\u0161an\u0101. <\/p>\n

Lai Latvijas pa\u0161vald\u012bb\u0101m pal\u012bdz\u0113tu izmantot aprites ekonomikas pieeju pl\u0101notajos iepirkumos, SIA \u201cVides invest\u012bciju fonds\u201d programmas \u201cInterreg Baltic Sea Region projekta CircularPP\u201d (Circular Public Procurement, jeb Aprites publiskais iepirkums) ietvaros sniedz bezmaksas apm\u0101c\u012bbas pa\u0161vald\u012bbu iepirkumu speci\u0101listiem, k\u0101 ar\u012b nodro\u0161ina ekspertu konsult\u0101cijas un tehnisko atbalstu iepirkumu specifik\u0101ciju sagatavo\u0161an\u0101, p\u0113c nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas pieaicinot ar\u012b \u0101rvalstu ekspertus.
\nVair\u0101k par pieejamo tehnisko atbalstu lasiet SIA Vides invest\u012bciju fonds t\u012bmek\u013ca vietn\u0113 www.lvif.gov.lv<\/a><\/p>\n

TEKSTS: Zane Bilz\u0113na un Jana Simanovska, SIA \u201cVides invest\u012bciju fonds\u201d <\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ilgsto\u0161i m\u016bsu sabiedr\u012bba ir izmantojusi line\u0101ro ekonomikas modeli. Line\u0101raj\u0101 ekonomik\u0101, m\u0113s ieg\u016bstam resursus, sara\u017eojam produktus, k\u0101du noteiktu laika periodu tos lietojam un tad tos izmetam atkritumos jeb izmetot padar\u0101m tos par atkritumiem. \u0160\u0101ds modelis ir neefekt\u012bvs, jo tas izsme\u013c dabas resursus, pat\u0113r\u0113 lielu ener\u0123ijas daudzumu un rada atkritumus. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 prognoz\u0113to demogr\u0101fisko un ekonomisko izaugsmi pasaul\u0113, ir skaidrs, ka \u0161\u0101ds modelis nevar b\u016bt ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgs. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,50],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10417"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10417"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10417\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10423,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10417\/revisions\/10423"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zurnalsiepirkumi.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}